微柱状图案电极,以增强低Pt载荷燃料电池中的质量转移
Yuan Wang1, Linhao Fan2, Yongkang Luan3
1State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China; Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development (RISUD) & Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Science bulletin
|March 5, 2026
概括
本研究介绍了一种用于质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFCs) 的新型图案电极设计. 这一创新显著提高了性能和耐用性,特别是在具有挑战性的低湿度条件下.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFCs) 在实际应用中面临挑战,因为性能和耐用性问题,特别是在低 (Pt) 负载和低相对湿度下.
- 传统的电极设计受到有限的质子传输和电化学反应表面积的影响,阻碍了燃料电池的效率.
研究的目的:
- 为了提高PEMFC的性能和耐用性,使用一种新型的图案电极结构与有序的离子体微柱.
- 研究这种新设计在低Pt负载和不同湿度条件下对燃料电池效率的影响.
主要方法:
- 用有图案的电极制造PEMFC,其特点是有序的离子体微柱.
- 在一系列湿度条件下进行性能测试,包括低湿度 (相对湿度为50%).
- 孔尺度多物理建模以分析运输路径和反应动力学.
- 加速压力测试以评估耐用性.
主要成果:
- 与传统电极相比,在低湿度条件下,图案电极在低湿度条件下达到高达29%的峰值功率密度.
- 离子体微柱形成有序的短距离运输通道,增强氧气和质子的输送,并提高氧气还原反应速率.
- 在加速应力测试后,图案电极表现出更好的耐用性,性能损失较低.
- 在低湿度下,微柱体尺寸 (H1.8W0.38电极) 的优化进一步使氧气和质子运输电阻在低湿度下分别降低了6%和14%.
结论:
- 建议采用有序离子体微支柱的图形电极架构是开发高性能,成本效益和耐用PEMFC的有希望的方法.
- 这种设计有效地解决了质子运输和反应表面积的局限性,特别是在低湿度操作下.
- 微柱体几何学的战略优化可以进一步提高燃料电池的效率和寿命.
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