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自从童年到青春期,自闭症青少年的运动表现:证据表明持续和扩大群体差异

Allison R Block^1,2, Emily C Skaletski^1,2,3, Claire M Sheedy^1,2

¹Occupational Therapy Program in the Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research

|March 5, 2026

概括

自闭症青少年的运动技能差异仍然存在,随着年龄的增长,握力扩大,其他技能缩小. 需要进一步的研究来了解这些发育轨迹.

科学领域:

神经发育障碍神经发育障碍
运动控制和发展.

背景情况:

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与运动技能缺陷有关.
关于青少年时期自闭症个体的运动技能如何发展的证据是混合的.

研究的目的:

研究自闭症与非自闭症个体从童年到青春期的细度和粗运动技能和握力与年龄相关的变化.
识别特定的运动领域,其中的差异出现或随着时间的推移而变化.

主要方法:

从187名自闭症和136名非自闭症参与者 (年龄在6-18岁) 的截面和纵向数据.
使用Bruininks-Oseretsky测试的运动能力-简单形式的评估,第二版 (BOT-2 SF) 和握力测试.
通过线性混合效应回归模型进行分析.

主要成果:

在所有年龄段的自闭症和非自闭症参与者之间观察到显著的运动技能差异.
握力强度和BOT-2 SF强度子测试得分显示,随着年龄的增长,群体之间的差异越来越大.
整体BOT-2 SF得分和其他子测试显示,在青春期,群体差异持续或缩小.
在BOT-2 SF中,上限效应可能限制了后期青少年差异的检测.

结论:

自闭症中的运动技能轨迹因领域而异,与力量相关的技能显示分歧,其他技能显示在青春期内趋同或稳定.
这些发现强调了对自闭症患者进行年龄相适应和敏感的运动评估的必要性.
针对自闭症运动发育的量身定制的教育,医疗保健和社区支持系统存在影响.

关键词:

青少年青少年青少年青少年自闭症谱系障碍自闭症谱系障碍孩子孩子孩子孩子孩子孩子手的力量,手的力量.运动技巧运动技巧心理运动表现的表现.

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