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孕产妇暴露于空气污染和产后抑郁症:系统性审查和元分析

Chu Li¹, Yuyao Jin², Wanwan Xu¹

¹Department of Gynecology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China.

Journal of global health

|March 6, 2026

概括

怀孕期间暴露于空气污染,特别是颗粒物 (PM10),一氧化碳 (CO),酸盐 (NO3-), (NH4+),增加了产后抑郁症 (PPD) 的风险. 针对空气质量的公共卫生干预措施可以降低孕产妇PPD的风险.

科学领域:

环境健康环境健康
生殖健康生殖健康
心理健康心理健康

背景情况:

空气污染是对母亲心理健康的新兴环境风险因素.
母亲暴露于空气污染物和产后抑郁症 (PPD) 之间的联系需要进一步澄清.
了解这种联系对于制定有效的公共卫生政策至关重要.

研究的目的:

系统地审查和对现有研究进行元分析,研究孕妇在怀孕期间暴露于空气污染物和PPD风险之间的关系.
量化特定空气污染物与PPD发生率之间的关联.

主要方法:

在PubMed,Embase,Scopus和Web of Science进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2024年12月.
一个受限的最大概率随机效应模型被用于元分析.
使用Cochran的Q和I2统计数据评估了同质性,并进行了质量评估和偏差分析.

主要成果:

包括9项涉及405,635名孕妇的研究.
母亲暴露于≤10微米颗粒物 (PM10) 与前期性发病风险增加有关 (整体OR=1.08整个怀孕;OR=1.09第二个三个月).
在PPD和暴露于一氧化碳 (CO),酸盐离子 (NO3-),离子 (NH4+) 之间也发现了显著的关联.

结论:

孕妇在怀孕期间暴露于PM10,CO,NO3-和NH4+与更高的PPD发生率有关.
旨在降低空气污染水平的干预措施可能会减轻母亲患PPD的风险.
调查结果强调需要进行公共卫生和环境政策改革,以保护母亲的心理健康.

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