生理和感知变化是急性和反复的寒冷压力期间认知运动性能下降的基础
Frank E Marino1, Michael Chang2
1School of Rural Medicine, Charles Sturt University, Orange, CA, Australia.
Temperature (Austin, Tex.)
|March 6, 2026
概括
在视觉运动任务之前重复暴露于寒冷会显著损害男性的表现. 对寒冷压力的生理和主观反应,而不是训练,预测了这种性能下降.
科学领域:
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 暴露在寒冷中是一个重要的环境压力因素.
- 了解寒冷引起的压力对认知和运动功能的影响,对于各种环境中的性能优化至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,在寒冷条件下,性能可能会下降,但具体的机制和预测因素需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究冷气引起的重复压力对年轻男性视觉运动任务表现的影响.
- 确定与冷压下性能下降相关的或预测性能下降的生理和主观因素.
- 区分寒冷压力的影响与特定任务的培训适应.
主要方法:
- 13名男性接受了为期6天的视觉运动任务训练方案.
- 三天后,参与者被分配到对照 (CON) 或冷压力 (CS) 组.
- 在4-6天的任务执行前,CS组经历了60分钟的冷水浸泡,引发了核心温度下降,而CON保持稳定. 记录了生理和主观测量.
主要成果:
- 在训练期间,对照参与者表现显著改善 (84%).
- 与对照组相比,冷压参与者表现出减弱的性能增长 (p < 0.01).
- 在CS组中,表现与呼吸频率 (Rf) 相反相关 (r = -0.56,p = 0.004),回归分析显示了灵气驱动 (Id),北上腺素 (NEP),Rf,热舒适 (TC) 和时间判断 (TJ) 作为表现的重要预测因素 (p < 0.0001,R2 = 0.87).
结论:
- 在任务前重复暴露于寒冷会损害认知和运动能力.
- 在寒冷压力下,表现下降与生理反应 (例如呼吸系统变化,甲醇胺释放) 和主观体验 (例如热舒适,时间感知) 的复杂相互作用有关.
- 这些发现突出了环境压力因素对人类表现的重大影响,并提出了监测和潜在减轻不良影响的关键生物标志物.
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