对不同类型活性炭的吸附能力的比较,用于常见的兽医毒性物质
Anika Chaganti1, Benjamin M Brainard1
1Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Frontiers in veterinary science
|March 6, 2026
概括
活性炭 (AC) 在体外有效降低兽药毒素度. 虽然一般可以比较,但一些AC产品对特定毒素,如Delta-9THC,具有更快的结合.
科学领域:
- 兽医毒理学 兽医毒理学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 胃肠道消毒 消毒 消毒 消毒 消毒
背景情况:
- 活性炭 (AC) 是胃肠道消毒的标准治疗方法.
- 可用的AC配方包括粉末 (pAC) 和专有混合物 (例如,Toxiban®).
- 开发了一种新的树脂结合AC (Ready RescueTM) 用于兽医.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较Ready RescueTM (RR) 与pAC和Toxiban® (Tox) 对于常见的兽医毒剂的吸附能力.
- 为了评估这些AC产品在模拟酸性和中性胃肠环境中的疗效.
- 为了确定RR是否相当于现有的AC配方在结合能力方面.
主要方法:
- 一个在体外研究使用模拟低 (pH 1.5) 和中性 (pH 6-7) 环境在38°C.
- 化特定的兽医毒素 (纳普罗,艾弗梅克丁,甲,西立醇,乙烯基醇,德尔塔-9THC,面包店巧克力,罗克福丁,酸) 与RR,pAC和Tox.
- 在AC添加后在不同时间点 (0,30,60,240分钟) 测定有毒物质度.
主要成果:
- 所有测试的AC配方在酸性和中性环境中都降低了大多数有毒物质的度.
- 具有可变度变化的例外包括酸,甲,乙烯糖醇和西醇.
- 与RR相比,pAC和Tox显示某些毒性物质的度下降速度更快,特别是中性条件下的Delta-9 THC.
结论:
- 三种经过测试的活性炭产品在4小时内有效降低了大多数评估的兽医毒素的度.
- 虽然pAC和Tox在总体上是可比的,但与新的树脂结合产品Ready RescueTM相比,它们对特定有毒物质的结合率更快.
- 与传统的AC配方相比,可能需要进一步的体内研究来充分阐明Ready RescueTM的临床疗效.
相关概念视频
Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison
1.3K
In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
1.3K
Toxicity Testing in Animals
79
Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
79
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Treatment Strategies
95
Treatment strategies for poisoning are a critical aspect of emergency medicine, focusing on preventing the absorption of toxins and enhancing their elimination. When a poisoning incident occurs, the first response is to halt exposure and decontaminate the patient, particularly through gastrointestinal (GI) methods if the poison was ingested.Gastrointestinal Decontamination Techniques:Activated charcoal is the cornerstone of GI decontamination. It works through adsorption, binding the toxin to...
95
Enhanced Elimination of Poison
985
Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
985
Toxicokinetics: Overview
110
Studies that assess how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME) at toxic doses are termed toxicokinetics. Understanding toxicokinetics helps predict adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and manage toxicity in humans.Toxicokinetics differs from pharmacokinetics mainly in the dose levels studied, with toxicokinetics focusing on higher toxic doses. The kinetics at these levels can be non-linear due to altered physiological processes. Toxicodynamics examines the relationship...
110
Drug Elimination by Renal Route: Tubular Reabsorption
5.4K
During the process of renal excretion, as the glomerular filtrate progresses to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), drugs that are highly permeable, lipophilic, and nonionized undergo passive reabsorption from the tubular fluid into the surrounding peritubular capillaries. This reabsorption process restricts their elimination through the kidneys. However, the majority of drugs are either weak acids or weak bases, and their ionization level is dependent on pH. By altering the pH of urine, the...
5.4K


