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晚期早产和早产的神经发育风险:芬兰的一项基于人口的研究
Samson Nivins1, Mika Gissler2,3,4, Catharina Lavebratt3,5
1Department of Women's and Children's Health, karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
BMJ public health
|March 6, 2026
概括
晚期早产和早产增加神经发育障碍的风险,包括沟通和运动问题. 更长的孕期与儿童更好的发育结果有关.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 围产期健康 围产期健康
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
背景情况:
- 晚期早产和早产是神经发育障碍的已知的危险因素.
- 以前的研究主要集中在智力障碍 (ID),自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 上,忽视了沟通和运动障碍.
- 共同的遗传和环境因素对这些结果的影响与早产的直接影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究出生时妊娠年龄与各种神经发育障碍的风险之间的关联.
- 检查这些关联是否独立于共同的家庭因素.
主要方法:
- 一项以人口为基础的队列研究,包括超过100万个在芬兰 (1996-2014) 怀孕34周至40周之间出生的单独胎儿.
- 对神经发育障碍的随访至2021年12月.
- 考克斯的比例危险模型和兄弟对分析被用来估计风险和控制混因素.
主要成果:
- 神经发育障碍的患病率随着妊娠年龄的增加而下降.
- 怀孕34+0和38+6周之间出生的儿童与满期出生的儿童相比,有更高的沟通障碍,运动障碍和特定学习障碍的风险.
- 在调整了潜在的混因素后,这些关联仍然很重要,包括共同的家庭因素. 还观察到ID,ASD和ADHD的风险.
结论:
- 晚期早产和早产与神经发育障碍的风险增加有关,这与这些群体风险低的看法相反.
- 这些发现强调了在评估神经发育风险时考虑妊娠年龄的重要性.
- 促进更长的孕期可能有助于改善神经发育结果.
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