柬埔寨青少年HIV/STI预防和综合性教育干预措施的成本效益分析:一项建模研究
Tharindu Wickramaarachchi1, Vutha Phon2, Sandra Bernklau2
1Modelling and Biostatistics, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
BMJ public health
|March 6, 2026
概括
对柬埔寨青年进行艾滋病毒预防和全面性教育 (CSE) 的投资带来了显著的健康和经济效益. 在年轻关键人群和所有患有CSE的年轻人中,达到95%的覆盖率为投资带来了有利的回报.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 柬埔寨年轻人对HIV/STI风险的认识很低,意外怀孕率很高.
- 迫切需要针对年轻关键人群和所有青少年的有效干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 为年轻关键人群提供艾滋病毒预防/检测套餐,量化实现95%艾滋病毒覆盖率的健康和经济效益.
- 评估全面性教育 (CSE) 对柬埔寨所有年轻人的影响.
主要方法:
- 从2023-2030年为柬埔寨青年 (10-19岁) 建模健康和经济成果.
- 将三个情景进行比较:基线,扩大HIV/STI干预加上校内CSE,扩大干预加上校内和校外CSE.
- 将避免的艾滋病毒感染,意外怀孕,产妇死亡和死胎转化为经济利益.
主要成果:
- 第二种情景 (HIV/STI干预+校内CSE) 的成本比基线增加了1060万美元,避免了1184例艾滋病毒感染和10,172例意外怀孕.
- 这项投资预计到2050年将产生3610万美元的经济效益,效益成本比为3.4.
- 方案3 (增加非学校CSE) 提供了额外的健康益处,但成本效益低于学校CSE.
结论:
- 在柬埔寨,对艾滋病毒预防/测试和CSE计划的投资提供了良好的回报.
- 高中招生率可以促进具有成本效益的CSE课程扩展.
- 有针对性的HIV/STI预防和CSE对于改善青少年健康结果和经济福祉至关重要.
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