具有高和低含糊性的风险厌恶:强迫症症状严重程度升高和对不确定性的不耐受性与强迫症患者子样本中的风险承担较低有关
Ryan J Jacoby1, Dalton L Klare1, Caroline H Armstrong1
1Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street, Suite 2000, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
Journal of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders
|March 6, 2026
概括
患有强迫症 (OCD) 的患者在风险承担方面与对照组相比没有差异,当模两可的程度不同时. 然而,在强迫症组中,较大的症状严重程度与较少的风险承担相关.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临床精神病学 临床精神病学
背景情况:
- 强迫症 (OCD) 经常与厌恶风险有关,特别是在不确定的条件下.
- 关于强迫症患者冒险的现有文献提出了相互矛盾的发现.
- 在强迫症中高与低模糊性下比较风险承担的研究是有限的.
研究的目的:
- 与对照人群相比,研究强迫症患者的冒险行为.
- 检查不同程度的模两可 (高低) 如何影响风险承担.
- 探索强迫症症状严重程度,不容忍不确定性,焦虑,抑郁和冒险之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 60名参与者 (30名强迫症患者,30名健康对照者) 完成了一项修改的气球模拟风险任务 (BART).
- 该BART涉及一个虚拟气球,可调节的风险水平,在低 (视觉显示) 和高 (未知) 模两可的条件下呈现.
- 风险承担被衡量为未爆炸气球的平均数.
主要成果:
- 观察到一个主要的模两可的效果:参与者在低模两可的条件下比在高模两可的条件下承担更多风险.
- 在模糊程度和诊断组 (强迫症与对照组) 之间没有发现显著的相互作用.
- 在强迫症组中,不容忍不确定性,强迫症症状严重程度,特征焦虑和抑郁症的较高得分与冒险行为有负相关性.
结论:
- 强迫症患者的冒险行为可能与控制组没有显著差异,当模两可的水平被操纵时.
- 对不确定性的不容忍,症状严重程度,焦虑和抑郁似乎是影响强迫症患者中风险厌恶的关键因素.
- 未来的研究应该考虑尺寸症状测量,以更细致地了解强迫症的风险回避,并包括临床对照组来确定特异性.
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