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越来越多的臭氧污染威胁到印度的小麦产量:基于度的方法的见解

K S Anagha¹, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath¹

¹CORAL, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India. jayan@coral.iitkgp.ac.in.

Environmental science. Processes & impacts

|March 6, 2026

概括

表面臭氧污染在2005-2021年期间在印度显著增加了小麦产量损失. 这种臭氧暴露威胁到粮食安全,特别是在关键的作物生长阶段.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
环境科学环境科学
大气化学大气化学

背景情况:

表面臭氧 (O3) 水平的上升,通过降低作物产量,对全球粮食安全构成重大威胁.
印度对臭氧暴露及其对小麦产量影响的长期,特定阶段的数据有限.

研究的目的:

从2005年到2021年,全面分析印度的小麦产量和生产中臭氧诱导的潜在损失.
评估臭氧对小麦生殖关键阶段的影响.

主要方法:

使用了高分辨率的表面臭氧数据和以度为基础的40值以上的累积臭氧 (AOT40) 方法.
分析了20年来相对产量损失 (RYL) 和年小麦产量损失 (WPL).

主要成果:

在2005年至2021年期间,小麦RYL从25.2%增加到35.3%.
每年的小麦产量损失从2005年的21万升至2020年的48.6万.
小麦的关键生长阶段,特别是在印度河平原,始终超过安全的AOT40暴露限值.

结论:

在小麦敏感的繁殖阶段长时间暴露于臭氧会显著加剧产量损失.
与其他主要的小麦生产地区相比,印度小麦非常容易受到臭氧污染.
针对空气质量和农业政策的综合战略对于保障国家粮食安全至关重要.

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