在认知健康的中老年人和老年人中,APOE ε4和加速认知衰退
Yu-Chu Ella Chung1, Ren-Hua Chung2, Chih-Cheng Hsu2
1Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
JAMA network open
|March 6, 2026
概括
携带APOE ε4基因的携带者,特别是同卵性动物,在70岁以后的认知能力下降速度更快. 在这项关于老化和阿尔茨海默氏症的台湾研究中,非APOE多基因风险没有影响认知衰退.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 病理学可以在几十年之前出现症状.
- 遗传因素如APOE ε4和多基因风险评分 (PRS) 影响AD风险.
- 这些遗传因素在亚洲人群认知衰退中的作用需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估APOE ε4载体状态和非APOE多基因风险评分 (PRS_ADnapoe) 与与年龄相关的认知衰退之间的关联.
- 为了评估这些协会在台湾社区居住的老年人.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,使用来自台湾健康衰老纵向研究 (2009-2019) 的数据.
- 包括55岁以上的参与者,具有遗传数据和迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE) 成绩.
- 分析了使用混合效应回归的MMSE得分变化,并考虑了共变量.
主要成果:
- APOE ε4载体与较的二次级与年龄相关的MMSE衰退有关,特别是在同卵性动物中,在70岁后出现分歧.
- PRS_ADnapoe评分显示没有与MMSE下降的关联.
- 通过敏感性分析证实了这些发现.
结论:
- 在台湾成年人中,APOE ε4载体,特别是同卵性,与70岁后的加速认知衰退有关.
- 在这个队列中,非APOE多基因风险与认知能力下降无关.
- 早期意识到APOE ε4遗传风险可能有助于制定针对性阿尔茨海默病的预防策略.
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