葡萄微生物多样性和天然葡萄酒风味代谢物在超简化生态葡萄种植的多主题评估
Yinting Ding1, Wanni Wang1, Tingting Luo1
1College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Food chemistry
|March 6, 2026
概括
超简单的生态葡萄种植促进了土壤和葡萄的微生物多样性. 这种可持续的方法增强了天然葡萄酒的复杂性,从而产生了卓越的风味特征和高质量的葡萄酒生产.
科学领域:
- 葡萄种植和葡萄酒学 葡萄种植和葡萄酒学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 代谢学 代谢学 代谢学
背景情况:
- 可持续的葡萄酒生产越来越多地侧重于以最小干预的生态葡萄种植.
- 了解这种做法对葡萄微生物群落和葡萄酒风味的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查超简化生态葡萄种植 (ES) 与传统管理 (CM) 对葡萄园微生物群和葡萄酒风味的影响.
- 为了比较自发发酵 (SF) 和注射发酵 (IF) 对葡萄酒代谢物的影响.
主要方法:
- 实地研究比较ES和CM在多个年份 (2023-2025).
- 分析土壤和葡萄相关的微生物群落.
- 葡萄酒风味化合物的代谢分析,包括挥发性分析和芳香贡献 (rOAV).
主要成果:
- 与CM相比,ES增强了土壤微生物多样性和葡萄表皮细菌多样性,同时减少了真菌多样性.
- 自发发酵 (SF) 增加了有机酸和氨基酸;注射发酵 (IF) 积累了糖解/TCA中间体和核酸.
- 在ES天然葡萄酒中,类,类和异环化合物 (花/水果香味) 的含量较高,而IF葡萄酒中酒精,和的含量较高 (成熟水果/注).
结论:
- 超简单的生态葡萄种植促进了葡萄园中有益的微生物多样性.
- 这种做法推动了天然葡萄酒中更复杂和更独特的风味代谢物的产生.
- ES提供了一种可持续的策略,用于生产具有独特感官特征的高品质葡萄酒.
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