优化抗生素使用及其在低收入和中等收入国家实施的方案:方法和报告结果的范围审查
Samanta Sofía Díaz Menai1, Lucia Varela2, Camila Micaela Escobar Liquitay2
1Ministry of Health, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina; Cochrane Associate Centre. Universidad Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Public health
|March 6, 2026
概括
在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs),主要是在中高收入国家,抗菌药物管理计划 (ASPs) 正在增长. 标准化方法对于改善抗生素使用证据和政策至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 抗生素耐药性是全球主要的健康威胁,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 通过抗菌药物管理计划 (ASP) 优化抗生素使用对于打击耐药性和改善患者结果至关重要.
- 关于ASP实施和LMICs结果的证据越来越多,但需要综合.
研究的目的:
- 综合有关低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 抗微生物管理计划 (ASPs) 的证据.
- 专注于这些计划的实施方法和报告结果.
- 在LMICs中确定ASP研究和实践的差距和改进领域.
主要方法:
- 根据PCC框架,JBI和PRISMA-ScR指南进行了范围审查.
- 搜索包括MEDLINE,EMBASE,CENTRAL,全球医学指数和临床试验注册表.
- 包括的研究评估了ASP对LMIC住院患者抗生素使用或耐药性的影响.
主要成果:
- 包括来自30个LMIC的132项研究,主要是印度,巴西和中国.
- 大多数研究都是准实验性的,专注于公共卫生保健机构的成年人,最近发表 (2018-2024年).
- 通常报告的结果包括抗微生物药物的使用 (例如,DDD),患者的结果 (例如,死亡率) 和过程措施 (例如,准则遵守).
结论:
- 抗菌药物管理计划 (ASP) 在LMICs中越来越多地实施,特别是在中高收入国家.
- 术语,方法和地理表征存在显著的变化,阻碍了证据合成.
- 需要标准化框架和更广泛的实施,以加强证据,并为在LMICs有效使用抗生素的政策提供信息.
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