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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

405
Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
405
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

583
Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
583
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

343
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
343
Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

353
The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
353
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

304
In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
304
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

646
Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
646

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Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
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心理药物在儿科实践中的作用

Pedro Javier Rodríguez Hernández1, Gemma Ochando Perales2, César Soutullo Esperón3

  • 1Hospital de Día Infantil y Juvenil «Diego Matías Guigou y Costa», Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario Ntra. Sra. de Candelaria, Universidad de La Laguna, Sociedad de Psiquiatría Infantil de la AEP, Tenerife, Spain.

Anales de pediatria
|March 6, 2026
PubMed
概括

本综述涵盖了用于儿科精神健康状况的常见精神药物. 了解这些药物,包括那些治疗注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD),抑郁,焦虑和行为障碍的药物,至关重要.

关键词:
儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学心理健康 心理健康儿科心理药理学 儿科心理药理学儿科的心理药理学儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学心理健康 心理健康

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科学领域:

  • 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
  • 儿科精神药理学 儿科精神药理学

背景情况:

  • 儿童和青少年中精神健康障碍的患病率越来越高.
  • 了解儿童群体可用的精神药物治疗方法的必要性.

研究的目的:

  • 审查为儿科患者最常被处方的精神药物.
  • 概述这些药物的治疗儿童和青少年心理健康状况的指示.

主要方法:

  • 关于在儿童和青少年中使用的精神药物的文献综述.
  • 专注于经常被处方的药物类别及其治疗用途.

主要成果:

  • 兴奋剂和非兴奋剂药物经常用于注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD).
  • 选择性血清素再吸收抑制剂 (SSRI) 在儿科抑郁症和焦虑症中很常见.
  • 抗精神病药物在这种年龄段的行为障碍中被处方.

结论:

  • 儿童心理健康的关键心理药物类别包括多动症治疗,SSRI和抗精神病药物.
  • 对这些药物及其指示的认识对于管理儿科精神健康障碍至关重要.