应力融表面张力的演变:液体-蒸汽接口研究
Zhiyong Yu1, Wenjun Li2, Yang Yang3
1College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Putian University, Putian, 351100, China.
Scientific reports
|March 6, 2026
概括
研究人员使用高频机械负荷动态控制化的表面张力. 这一突破为精密制造工艺 (如造和3D打印) 提供了新的可能性.
科学领域:
- 表面物理学的表面物理.
- 材料科学 是一种材料科学.
- 材料工程是材料的工程.
背景情况:
- 表面张力对于液体材料的湿透性和稳定性至关重要.
- 目前控制表面张力的方法依赖于化学或热调整.
- 通过机械负荷对表面张力的动态控制,特别是在极端条件下,仍然是一个尚未探索的领域.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在高频循环机械负荷下化的动态表面张力.
- 建立理论模型和数值方法,以了解极端负载下的表面动态.
- 通过纯粹的机械手段来证明动态调整表面张力的可行性.
主要方法:
- 模拟了化表面系统的机械反应,该系统受到侧向循环机械负荷的影响.
- 使用动态表面张力测量分析了稳定的振荡行为.
- 应用了一种定量方法来调整负载下对液体系统的表面张力.
主要成果:
- 在50 GHz频率和5%幅度循环负荷下,动态表面张力平均增加了5%.
- 瞬间的表面张力峰值达到平衡值的30%,而山谷达到15%,显示负载可控的增加.
- 该研究验证了金属液体中动态表面张力调整的可靠性和普遍性.
结论:
- 化的动态表面张力可以通过机械负荷来控制,这提供了一个超出化学或热方法的新范式.
- 这些发现支持通用的内在频率和阻尼常数相关性理论,并阐明跨度机制.
- 这项研究为优化精密造,增材制造和微流体学过程提供了基础,通过积极控制表面张力.
相关概念视频
01:22Surface Tension of Fluid
1.8K
Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies...
Surface tension varies...
1.8K
02:57Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity
34.2K
Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
34.2K
01:16Surface Tension and Surface Energy
3.4K
When a paint brush is immersed in water, the bristles wave freely inside the water. When it is taken out, the bristles stick together. The reason behind this effect is surface tension.
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...
3.4K
01:13Contact Angle
27.7K
When a solid is dipped inside a liquid, the liquid surface becomes curved near the contact. For some solid–liquid interfaces, the liquid is pulled up along the solid, while for others, the liquid surface is convex or depressed near the solid surface. This phenomenon can be explained using the concept of cohesive and adhesive forces.
The adhesive force is the molecular force between molecules of different materials, that is, between the molecules of the solid and the liquid. The cohesive...
The adhesive force is the molecular force between molecules of different materials, that is, between the molecules of the solid and the liquid. The cohesive...
27.7K
01:13Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
3.7K
The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
3.7K
01:29Nonideal Two-Component Liquid Solutions
26
Nonideal liquid solutions, also known as real solutions, do not strictly follow Raoult's law. Raoult's law is a rule of thumb in physical chemistry. However, not all mixtures adhere to this law due to varying molecular interactions. For example, in an acetone/chloroform solution, the individual vapor pressures of the components are lower than expected, resulting in a total vapor pressure below that predicted by Raoult's law, causing a negative deviation.On the other hand, in an ethanol/water...
26