FASD和智力障碍等价:在法医采访期间对暗示性的元分析
David J Gilbert1, Stephen Ikechukwu Azumara2, Jacqueline M Wheatcroft3
1School of Health and Society, University of Salford, Manchester, UK.
Behavioral sciences & the law
|March 9, 2026
概括
患有胎儿酒精谱系障碍 (FASD) 的人表现出类似或比智力障碍 (ID) 的人更大的询问暗示能力. 这两组都非常容易受到领先问题的影响,FASD个体在负面反后显示出更多的响应转移.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
背景情况:
- 知识障碍 (ID) 相当性描述了在没有达到诊断值的情况下在ID标准以下运作的个人.
- 胎儿酒精谱系障碍 (FASD) 通常涉及执行和适应性缺陷,与ID特征重叠,尽管IQ正常.
- 询问的暗示性是法医的一个关键问题,特别是在弱势群体.
研究的目的:
- 调查FASD和ID之间的询问暗示能力的共享漏洞.
- 作为第一个比较这两个群体中的暗示能力的元分析研究.
- 为患有FASD和ID的个人提供法医采访实践的信息.
主要方法:
- 在六个数据库中进行了两次PRISMA引导的系统文献搜索.
- 包括涉及FASD或ID的个体的研究.
- 贝叶斯的随机效应对Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale-2 (GSS2) 结果的元分析 (收益率1,收益率2,转移,总的可暗示性).
主要成果:
- 患有FASD的个体在所有GSS2指数中表现出可比,有时甚至超过ID患者的询问暗示能力水平.
- 在两组中都观察到很大的效果大小.
- 患有FASD的个体表现出特别高的"转移"分数,表明在负面反后更倾向于改变反应.
结论:
- FASD和ID在询问性暗示性方面具有重大漏洞.
- 这两种人群都很容易受到引领性问题和询问压力的影响.
- 法医采访需要仔细考虑FASD对响应修改的高度敏感性.
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