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玉米的空间遗传模式与减少花粉适应性的等位基因有关

Diana Ruggiero¹, Michelle Bang², Marilyn Leary¹

¹Department of Botany & Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology

|March 9, 2026

概括

花粉竞争影响遗传,一些玉米 (Zea mays) 突变体在耳边显示空间模式. 这些花粉适应性缺陷创造了多样化的后代基因型分布,影响了基因传播.

科学领域:

植物遗传学植物遗传学
分子生物学分子生物学
玉米育种玉米育种

背景情况:

花粉的基因型通过授粉后的竞争影响遗传.
玉米耳表现出丝长度的空间异质性,可能影响花粉竞争结果.

研究的目的:

为了调查花粉适应性等位基因是否影响后代的基因型分布沿着玉米耳.
开发和使用一个高通量表型化平台来分析内核表型和位置.

主要方法:

开发了EarVision.v2 (Faster R-CNN) 用于在玉米耳上绘制光标记突变核 (Ds-GFP) 的地图.
使用EarScape统计管道分析1384个耳朵和58个DS-GFP等位基因的内核位置和传输比率.
对具有孟德尔遗传与具有花粉特异性传播缺陷的等位基因进行空间趋势的评估.

主要成果:

对于48个具有孟德尔遗传的等位体,没有观察到显著的空间趋势.
50%的具有花粉特异性传播缺陷的等位基因 (5/10) 显示在耳边显著的空间效应.
像bag1*和Zm00001eb236740和gex2这样的基因中的突变体表现出各种空间传播模式 (例如,基点到顶点的梯度,顶点的减少,基点/顶点的增加).

结论:

花粉适应性突变显然导致玉米耳中的后代基因型的多样化和意想不到的空间模式.
后代基因型的空间分布受特定的花粉表达基因的影响,影响传播成功.

关键词:

速度更快的R-CNN 齐亚梅斯亚种 Zea mays亚种可能是L.L.计算机视觉计算机视觉遗传学遗传学遗传学是一个高通量表型化 (high-throughput phenotyping) 是一种高通量表型化方法.在花期内,花朵发芽.植物繁殖植物繁殖花粉体育健身花粉体育健身授粉授粉授粉授粉种子种子种子种子种子.

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Frequency-dependent Selection

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.

Dihybrid Crosses

Dihybrid Crosses

Law of Segregation

Law of Segregation

When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.

Law of Independent Assortment

Law of Independent Assortment

While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.

Incomplete Dominance

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.

Monohybrid Crosses

Monohybrid Crosses