国内流离失所人口中肝炎E血清流行环境决定因素:苏丹的一项地理空间研究
Hytham A Osman1,2, Wafaa M K Bakr1, Mona H Hashish1
1Department of Microbiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 21561 Alexandria, Egypt.
International health
|March 9, 2026
概括
苏丹境内流离失所者 (IDPs) 广泛暴露于E型肝炎病毒 (HEV),与水,卫生和卫生 (WASH) 条件不佳相关的显著空间聚类. 改善WASH基础设施对于降低这些脆弱人群中HEV风险至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 是病毒性肝炎的重要原因,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
- 国内流离失所者 (IDPs) 面临着由于水,卫生和卫生 (WASH) 条件不足而对HEV的高度脆弱性.
- 在境内流离失所者营地内的HEV暴露的空间模式尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 确定苏丹阿尔-阿扎扎营地内流离失所者中HEV暴露的血清流行率.
- 在营地内绘制HEV暴露的空间分布图.
- 为了确定与HEV血清阳性相关的环境和行为因素.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及1078名境内流离失所者的横截面研究于2021年8月至12月进行.
- 使用ELISA分析血清样本以检测抗HEVIgG和IgM.
- 使用GPS数据和家庭调查来评估空间聚类和风险因素,通过多变量物流回归分析.
主要成果:
- 总体HEV血清流行率高达76.4%,较低的IgM阳性 (1.85%) 表示最近传播的最小值.
- 观察到HEV暴露的显著空间聚类,主要是IgG阳性病例.
- 对于HEV血清阳性的独立风险因素包括近距离露天排便,不安全的水储存,不良的废物处理和畜牧业.
结论:
- 在国内流离失所者营地内,HEV暴露范围广泛且空间集中,反映了累积传播.
- 紧急和持续改善WASH基础设施对于减轻流离失所人口中HEV传播风险至关重要.
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