高能力的国家可以为优质的海洋保护释放动力
Fabio Favoretto1,2, Joy A Kumagai3, Catalina López-Sagástegui4
1School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Artillery Place, Coxside, Plymouth PL4 0LU, UK.
iScience
|March 9, 2026
概括
高度保护的海洋保护区 (MPA) 对海洋健康至关重要,但仍然很少. 升级现有的最低保护区为立即获得息地和实现30 × 30等保护目标提供了可行的战略.
科学领域:
- 海洋保护科学 海洋保护科学
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
- 环境政策 环境政策
背景情况:
- 高度和完全受保护的海洋保护区 (HF-MPAs) 显示出最大的生态效益.
- 目前,HF-MPA仅保护全球海洋的3.8%,进展停滞不前.
- 最少和轻度保护的MPA (ML-MPA) 代表了一个更大的,未充分利用的保护资源.
研究的目的:
- 评估全球HF-MPAs和ML-MPAs的当前覆盖范围和趋势.
- 确定增加海洋保护的机会,特别是通过升级现有的海洋保护区.
- 评估治理在MPA建立和有效性中的作用.
主要方法:
- 保护区的联合监管分类与沿海息地图 (珊瑚,红树林,海草,盐沼).
- 从2000年到2025年追踪的HF-MPAs和ML-MPAs.
- 叠加的MPA数据与基于治理的支持条件.
主要成果:
- 高度-MPA仍然很少见,即使是在具有高容量和重要的沿海息地的国家.
- 存在着相当大的"升级差距",全球39%的潜在保护收益未实现.
- 升级ML-MPA,特别是在海外领土,提供了立即的息地保护机会.
结论:
- 专注于在特定地区升级ML-MPA为实现30×30目标等保护目标提供了一个务实的途径.
- 需要采取平行努力,在公海和深海环境中扩大高质量的保护.
- 加强治理对于成功实施和扩展MPA至关重要.
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