生成型人工智能投票:公平的集体选择能够抵御LLM偏见和不一致
Srijoni Majumdar1, Edith Elkind2, Evangelos Pournaras1
1School of Computer Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS29JT, UK.
概括
生成型人工智能 (AI) 和大型语言模型 (LLM) 可以代表弃权选民,提高民主弹性. 在投票率低的选举中,比例方法确保了人类和人工智能更公平的结果.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
- 计算社会科学 计算社会科学
背景情况:
- 生成型人工智能和LLM为人工智能个人助理提供了新的可能性,以帮助人类决策.
- 将集体决策权委托给LLM引发了对代表性质量和固有的偏见的担忧.
研究的目的:
- 研究人工智能在选举中产生的选择与人类的选择有何不同.
- 评估这些人工智能驱动的差异对集体决策结果的影响.
- 探索人工智能在缓解低投票率和增强民主弹性方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在363个现实世界选举中模拟了超过5万个大型语言模型投票人物.
- 分析复杂的偏选选票格式中的投票不一致性,与更简单的多数选举相比.
- 评价比例选票聚合方法,如平等份额,公平性.
主要成果:
- 与更一致的多数选举相比,在复杂的偏选选票中观察到显著的不一致性.
- 比例聚合方法 (例如,平等份额) 证明了对人类选民和人工智能代表的公平性.
- 人工智能代表有效地减轻了弃权选民的影响,恢复了公平和代表性的结果.
结论:
- 人工智能,特别是LLM,可以通过代表弃权选民和提高公平性来加强民主进程,特别是在投票率低的场景中.
- 比例选票聚合方法对于在人工智能辅助的选举中实现公平结果至关重要.
- 跨学科的洞察力支持决策者制定保护措施,以确保人工智能融入民主创新中.
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