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微生物SCFA作为表观遗传媒介:在神经退行性疾病中微调肠-大脑轴

Xiaocui Xu¹, Yiwen Cheng^2,3, Xia Liu⁴

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.

Current research in microbial sciences

|March 9, 2026

概括

由肠道微生物产生的短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 通过影响表观遗传机制来保护大脑. 这些化合物为阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森症等神经退行性疾病提供了潜在的治疗策略.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
微生物学微生物学
表观遗传学在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.

背景情况:

肠-大脑轴促进了肠和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 之间的通信.
短链脂肪酸 (SCFA) 是来自食纤维发酵的微生物代谢产物.
越来越多的SCFA被认为是肠-大脑轴中的关键信号分子.

研究的目的:

审查SCFA在神经退行性疾病 (NDs) 中的作用.
探索SCFA发挥神经保护的表观遗传机制.
评估SCFA对ND的治疗潜力.

主要方法:

文献综述综合了关于SCFA生产,代谢和表观遗传作用的当前研究.
对SCFA介导的表观遗传修饰的分析,包括基因素脱甲基化,DNA甲基化和乳基化.
对SCFA在神经退行性疾病中的转化和治疗潜力的评估.

主要成果:

通过减少神经炎症,促进神经发生,增强突触可塑性和保持血脑屏障的完整性,SCFA显示神经保护作用.
表观遗传机制,包括基因素脱乙酶抑制 (例如,丁酸盐) 和DNA甲基化调节,调节SCFA的作用.
新出现的证据表明,SCFA会影响乳糖化等新型的组织蛋白修饰.

结论:

来自肠道的SCFA显著调节大脑的表观遗传格局.
了解SCFA表观遗传机制为开发用于NDs的新型干预提供了基础.
针对SCFA的基于饮食,益生菌和表观遗传学的策略显示出预防和治疗神经退行性疾病的前景.

关键词:

表观遗传学在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.肠大脑轴肠大脑轴神经退行性疾病的神经退行性疾病益生菌益生菌是一种益生菌.短链脂肪酸短链脂肪酸

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