多发性硬化症的眼部表现:一个回顾性,基于人口的单中心研究
Wafa Daw1, Mashair Bakheet2, Mugahid Elhag Elamin3
1Ophthalmology Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus
|March 9, 2026
概括
多发性硬化症 (MS) 通常影响年轻女性,视神经炎是常见的早期症状. 包括视觉唤起潜能 (VEP) 在内的全面的眼科检查对于检测MS相关的视觉通路异常至关重要.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 神经学 神经学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种自身免疫性中枢神经系统疾病,影响视觉通路.
- 视神经炎 (ON),核内眼 (INO) 和眼 (nystagmus) 是MS相关的常见视力障碍.
- 在多发性硬化症患者中,眼部炎症,如帕斯平面炎也可能发生.
研究的目的:
- 确定MS患者常见的眼部症状.
- 确定外接和外接视觉通路障碍的患病率.
- 评估视觉唤起潜能 (VEP) 在检测视觉异常方面的实用性.
- 识别眼部发现作为MS的初始表现.
主要方法:
- 追溯分析了192名多发性硬化症患者的眼科诊所数据.
- 在例行访问期间通过结构化问卷收集的数据.
- 评估包括视野测试 (VF) 和VEPs.
主要成果:
- 120名患者报告了眼部症状;81人经历了它们作为MS的第一个迹象.
- 视野缺陷发生在93名患者中 (89名 afferent,48名 efferent);视野缩小是最常见的.
- 在76名患者中发现了阳性VEP (p < 0.001); ON,阴囊和INO是常见的.
- 多发性硬化主要影响20-30岁的女性.
结论:
- 多发性硬化在年轻的成年女性中更为普遍,其中ON是关键的早期 afferent 标志.
- 尼斯塔格姆和INO是常见的efferent缺陷;场狭窄是最常见的VF缺陷.
- VEP对于检测MS中微妙和明显的视觉通路问题是有价值的.
- 包括VEP和周边测量在内的全面的眼科检查对于早期的MS诊断和管理至关重要.
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