非古典免疫检查点HLA-G:一个监管主开关,管理耐受性,规避性和转移性边界
Huan Liu1, Qiong Li1, Junli Li1
1School of Smart Health Science & Technology, Zhengzhou Health College, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Frontiers in oncology
|March 9, 2026
概括
人类白细胞抗原G (HLA-G) 对于生殖和移植中的免疫耐受性至关重要. 然而,癌细胞利用HLA-G来逃避免疫攻击,导致预后不佳,但向HLA-G途径提供了新的治疗途径.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 生殖免疫学 生殖免疫学
- 移植免疫学 移植免疫学
- 癌症免疫学 癌症免疫学
背景情况:
- 人类白细胞抗原G (HLA-G) 是一种非经典的MHC I类分子,对免疫调节至关重要.
- HLA-G通过与免疫细胞上LILRB1和LILRB2等抑制受体相互作用来调解免疫耐受性.
- 它的表达对于胎儿在怀孕期间的生存和移植时的移植接受是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 探索HLA-G在免疫耐受性和疾病中的多方面的作用.
- 为了研究恶性细胞如何利用HLA-G进行免疫逃避.
- 突出针对HLA-G途径的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 关于生殖免疫学,移植和癌症中的HLA-G功能现有文献的综述.
- 对分析数据的分析,将HLA-G表达与癌症预后相关联 (HR=2.09).
- 检查涉及可溶性HLA-G (sHLA-G) 和外体介导的HLA-G (HLA-Gev) 作为生物标志物的新兴策略.
主要成果:
- 热囊细胞的HLA-G表达确保了母胎免疫特权.
- 瘤中HLA-G的升高与预后不佳和通过抑制细胞毒性T淋巴细胞和NK细胞来抑制免疫逃避相关.
- 可溶性HLA-G和HLA-Gev是潜在的液体活检标记物.
结论:
- 准HLA-G/ILT轴为癌症和潜在的自身免疫性疾病提供了一个有希望的治疗策略.
- 临床试验正在研究抗HLA-G和抗LILRB1抗体,通常与PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂相结合.
- 正在探索HLA-G激动剂和工程细胞,以诱导自身免疫性疾病和移植中的耐受性.
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