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预测父母在不同国家和时间的HPV疫苗接种意图和行为

Julia V Schulz¹, Johannes T Doerflinger², Cindy Behm¹

¹Life Science Lab, German Cancer Research Centre (DFKZ).

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association

|March 9, 2026

概括

父母对人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 接种疫苗的意图最好通过计划行为理论 (TPB) 预测. 对科学和HPV知识的信任是持续接种疫苗行为的关键.

科学领域:

行为科学行为科学
健康心理学心理健康心理学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

父母对疫苗的决策对于儿童免疫非常重要.
了解影响人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种的因素对于公共卫生至关重要.
现有的模型,如计划行为理论 (TPB) 和健康信念模型 (HBM),为研究健康意图提供了框架.

研究的目的:

为了比较TPB,HBM和组合模型对父母HPV疫苗接种意向的预测能力.
评估这些模型在一年后预测实际HPV疫苗接种行为的能力.
为发展促进HPV疫苗接种的有针对性的干预措施提供信息.

主要方法:

一项预先注册的在线调查,对美国,英国和德国的1,088名家长进行了调查.
测量TPB构造 (态度,规范,控制) 和HBM构造 (风险,有效性).
在一年后,对625名美国和英国参与者的接种行为进行后续评估.

主要成果:

TPB解释了77%的父母HPV疫苗接种意向的差异.
HBM变量与态度有显著的相关性 (85%的差异),但没有增强意图预测.
接种疫苗的意图,对科学的信任和HPV知识预测了一年后,接种疫苗行为的25%的差异.

结论:

TPB是父母HPV疫苗接种意图的强有力的预测指标,态度和规范是关键.
对科学和HPV知识的信任是持续接种疫苗行为的直接预测因素.
干预措施应利用TPB和HBM来塑造意图和态度,同时促进长期行为改变的知识.

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