人工智能辅助对第三牙以外受影响的牙进行诊断:系统性审查
Lei Yu1, Zuodong Zhao1, Reinhilde Jacobs2
1Department of Oral Health Sciences - Orthodontics and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium.
Journal of dentistry
|March 9, 2026
概括
人工智能 (AI) 在诊断第三牙以外的受损牙方面表现有前途,提供准确的检测和分类. 为了可靠的临床整合,需要进一步研究更大的数据集和标准化的协议.
科学领域:
- 牙科 牙科是指牙科的专业.
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 在医学中越来越多地用于提高诊断准确性和一致性.
- 虽然人工智能在牙科中显示出潜力,但其用于诊断受影响的牙,特别是第三牙以外的牙,需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查基于人工智能的诊断方法,以治疗受影响的牙,不包括第三牙.
- 评估这些AI系统的诊断性能,临床相关性和局限性.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,科学网,科克兰图书馆,Embase,Scopus) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 提取了研究方法,数据集准备和诊断性能指标的数据.
- 诊断准确性研究的质量评估工具 (QUADAS-2) 用于质量评估.
主要成果:
- 其中包括30项研究,重点研究了受影响的肉和狗;没有发现受影响的前肢或切肢的研究.
- 人工智能模型,特别是YOLO和ResNet架构,在检测和分类任务中表现良好至出色 (指标>0.80).
- 细分模型实现了高精度 (迪斯系数>0.90),基于CBCT的AI显示了强大的3D评估能力.
结论:
- 人工智能诊断系统在检测,分类和细分第三牙以外的受影响牙方面具有很大的潜力.
- 这些人工智能工具可以支持早期干预和个性化治疗规划.
- 未来的研究应该专注于更大,多中心的数据集,标准化的评估和可解释的AI技术,以获得临床可靠性.
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