由于自闭症的可能性较高,在婴儿时被招募的学前儿童中的临床异质性:一个兄弟姐妹研究
Lisa L Axelsson1, Terje Falck-Ytter2,3, Pär Nyström2
1Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Scandinavian journal of psychology
|March 9, 2026
概括
患有多种神经发育疾病 (NDC) 的儿童,如自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD),多动症和DLD,表现较差. 早期诊断和对患有多个NDC的儿童的支持对于更好的结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经发育条件研究 神经发育条件研究
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD),注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 和发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 是常见的神经发育状况 (NDC).
- 这些NDC经常同时发生,但很少一起研究功能性结果.
- 了解多种诊断的影响对于临床实践和研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查婴儿持续视觉注意力与6岁儿童NDC诊断数量之间的关联.
- 将不同数量的NDC诊断 (ASD,ADHD,DLD) 的儿童的临床形状和功能结果映射出来.
- 根据诊断状态来评估适应性功能,智力能力和语言技能的差异.
主要方法:
- 评估了一组6岁的儿童,最初根据婴儿时期的自闭症风险被招募.
- 评估包括持续的视觉注意力,诊断结果 (ASD,ADHD,DLD),一般适应性功能,智力能力和语言技能.
- 参与者根据所接受的NDC诊断的数量进行分组:没有,一个或两个或更多.
主要成果:
- 在婴儿持续视觉注意力和6岁NDC诊断数量之间没有发现显著的关联.
- 没有或只有一次诊断的儿童表现出类似的适应性功能,智力能力和语言技能.
- 与诊断数量较少的儿童相比,有两种或更多种NDC诊断的儿童的整体适应功能,智力和语言技能显著下降.
结论:
- 多种神经发育状况与儿童的功能结果明显较差有关.
- 临床设置应优先考虑多重诊断或已确认功能障碍的儿童.
- 在旨在预测长期功能的兄弟研究中,单一的诊断可能不足以衡量结果.
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