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老年人的投票行为和死亡风险:来自威斯康星州纵向研究的证据
Femida Handy1,2, Sara Konrath3,4
1School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
概括
投票与老年人死亡风险降低有关. 无论是亲自参加还是远程参加选举,都与长期死亡风险的显著降低有关.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 政治科学 政治科学是指政治学.
背景情况:
- 纵向研究往往侧重于志愿服务的健康益处,忽视了像投票这样的其他公民参与.
- 之前的研究探讨了健康对投票的影响;这项研究将重点转向投票对死亡率的影响.
- 了解公民参与对健康的影响对于公共卫生倡议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查投票行为是否预测美国老年人死亡风险降低.
- 检查在美国总统选举中投票与随后的死亡率之间的联系.
- 评估投票作为健康的潜在社会决定因素的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自威斯康星州纵向研究 (N=7,708到4,078) 和Catalist验证的投票记录的数据.
- 分析了2008年美国总统大选中投票的老年人死亡风险.
- 在生存分析中控制社会经济地位,人口统计,政治归属,公民参与和健康状况.
主要成果:
- 2008年的选民在选举后的5,10年和15年分别出现了45%,37%和29%的较低死亡风险.
- 在所有随访期间,亲自投票和远程投票都与死亡率降低有关.
- 投票对死亡的好处在健康状况较差的个人和最近的选举中更为明显.
结论:
- 投票可以作为健康的社会决定因素,为个人改善健康结果做出贡献.
- 促进选民参与,特别是在老龄化人口中,可能是公共卫生战略.
- 研究结果支持将公民参与纳入公共卫生政策和研究.
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