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作为皮肤黑色素瘤诊断生物标志物的血液循环microRNAs:系统性审查和元分析

Hendra Pramono¹, Ana L Ekowati², Samuel H Pinandyo¹

¹Bachelor of Medicine Study Program, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Scientific reports

|March 10, 2026

概括

循环中的microRNAs (miRNAs) 显示为早期皮肤黑色素瘤 (CM) 检测的非侵入性生物标志物具有前途. 血中的miRNA组合显示出高的诊断准确性,这表明它们有临床使用的潜力.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
分子生物学分子生物学
生物标志物发现发现

背景情况:

皮肤黑色素瘤 (CM) 发病率正在上升,使得早期检测对生存至关重要.
微RNAs (miRNAs) 是体液中稳定的,可访问的生物标志物,非常适合进行非侵入性诊断.
基于血液的循环自由miRNA和细胞外囊泡 (EV) 衍生的miRNA正在研究用于CM检测.

研究的目的:

系统地审查和元分析血基miRNAs对CM的诊断性能.
为了评估单个miRNA和miRNA组合的CM诊断准确性.
为了确定基于miRNA的CM诊断的最佳样本类型.

主要方法:

从557个记录中确定了11项研究 (10项用于元分析) 的系统审查和元分析.
用于评估聚合诊断性能 (灵敏度,特异性,DOR) 的双变量建模.
对单个miRNA,miRNA组合和样本类型进行的子组分析.

主要成果:

所有miRNAs的聚合灵敏度为0.86,特异性为0.85,DOR为33.52.
个别的miRNAs显示灵敏度为0.80,特异性为0.78,DOR为13.71.
米RNA组合获得了更高的准确性:灵敏度为0.91,特异性为0.89和DOR 84.05.05.
与其他样本来源相比,等离子体样本显示出更高的性能.

结论:

循环的miRNAs,特别是组合,显示出作为CM的非侵入性诊断生物标志物的巨大潜力.
基于MiRNA的诊断可以提高皮肤黑色素瘤的早期检测率和患者的治疗结果.
基于等离子体的miRNA检测为CM查和诊断提供了一个有希望的途径.

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相关概念视频

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...