解读BMI和相关的代谢,炎症和心血管因素对大脑结构的因果影响:孟德尔随机化研究
Jodie N Painter1,2, Alexander Refisch3, Moritz Rau3,4,5
1Brain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer, Herston, QLD, Australia.
Molecular psychiatry
|March 10, 2026
概括
体重指数 (BMI) 升高可能会对大脑结构产生因果影响,导致皮质厚度降低. 这项研究探讨了肥胖症.
科学领域:
- 神经成像和遗传学
- 代谢和心血管健康
- 大脑结构和功能的大脑结构和功能
背景情况:
- 肥胖是一个普遍的代谢风险因素,与大脑变化和神经精神疾病 (如抑郁症和痴呆症) 的风险增加有关.
- 神经成像研究表明,在肥胖和神经精神疾病中,大脑结构变化重叠,特别是额头和部区域的皮质厚度减少.
- 肥胖和大脑结构衰退之间的因果关系以及涉及的特定生物途径 (代谢,心血管,炎症) 仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用孟德尔随机化来澄清身体质量指数 (BMI) 和大脑结构之间的因果方向.
- 确定特定的代谢,心血管和炎症因素,这些因素是肥胖和大脑结构变化之间的联系的基础.
- 研究BMI对皮质厚度和区域大脑结构的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用单变量和多变量门德尔随机化 (MR) 作为一个仪器变量 (IV) 方法.
- 使用与BMI,内脏脂肪组织 (VAT),C反应蛋白 (CRP),血压和代谢标记物相关的遗传变异作为仪器变量.
- 分析了这些遗传因素与大脑结构指标 (主要是皮层厚度) 之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 提供了高BMI对皮层厚度降低的潜在因果作用的证据,特别是在前中心和状回形.
- 确定了内脏脂肪组织 (VAT) 和炎症标志物CRP与较低皮质厚度在BMI效应重叠的区域之间的关联.
- 观察到血压或代谢血清标志物与皮质厚度之间的关联很小.
结论:
- 这些发现支持BMI在减少皮层厚度方面的因果作用.
- 内脏脂肪组织和炎症 (CRP) 可能导致与BMI相关的大脑结构变化.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解BMI相关的大脑结构衰退如何影响神经精神疾病风险.
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