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一个临床应答者衍生的定义微生物联盟增强了小鼠抗PD-1免疫疗法的疗效

Haiyan Zhou¹, Ruiming Sun^2,3, Xiaoqun Nie¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Nature microbiology

|March 10, 2026

概括

一个新的细菌联盟 (RCom) 增强了癌症免疫疗法. 通过口服RCom,通过增强抗瘤免疫反应,改善了抗编程细胞死亡蛋白1 (PD-1) 治疗疗效.

科学领域:

微生物组研究的研究.
癌症免疫疗法癌症免疫疗法
细菌联合会是一种细菌联盟.

背景情况:

准肠道微生物群是癌症免疫治疗的一个有希望的策略.
目前的方法在提高免疫治疗效率方面取得了有限的成功.
确定与治疗反应相关的特定细菌物种至关重要.

研究的目的:

确定与非小细胞肺癌患者免疫治疗反应相关的细菌物种.
构建和评估一个定义的细菌联盟,以加强抗编程细胞死亡蛋白1 (PD-1) 疗法.

主要方法:

超基因组分析和in silico预测,以确定关键的细菌物种.
从响应患者样本构建一个由15个物种定义的细菌联盟 (RCom).
在体外,体内和同源性瘤模型实验中,评估RCom的稳定性,植入,免疫调节作用和抗瘤活性.

主要成果:

RCom在社区内表现出稳定性和合作,产生免疫调节代谢物.
口服RCom通过增加入内瘤CD8+T细胞透和功能来增强抗PD-1疗法的疗效.
在小鼠模型中,RCom补充剂降低了对抗PD-1疗法的耐药性.

结论:

定义的细菌联盟RCom显示了作为辅助疗法的潜力.
在癌症患者中,RCom可以提高对抗PD-1治疗的响应能力.
进一步调查RCom在癌症免疫治疗中的作用是有必要的.

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