电磁波吸收材料的多层结构工程:从原子缺陷到宏观结构
Ya Ning1, Shujuan Tan1, Peikun Wu1
1College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 10, 2026
概括
多尺度工程通过整合原子到宏观结构来增强电磁波 (EMW) 吸收材料. 本综述详细介绍了跨规模的协同效应策略和结构功能合,以提高EMW吸收性能.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 纳米技术 纳米技术
- 电磁学 电磁学 电磁学 电磁学
背景情况:
- 电磁波 (EMW) 吸收对于智能传感和电子设备至关重要.
- 性能瓶已经从材料特性转移到结构控制策略.
- 多尺度工程为EMW吸收材料提供了增强的可控性,效率和可调性.
研究的目的:
- 为EMW吸收提供多尺度结构设计的系统概述.
- 阐明结构在原子到宏观尺度对电磁反应的影响.
- 总结协同战略和跨规模结构-功能合机制.
主要方法:
- 对EMW吸收中的多尺度结构设计方法的审查.
- 在原子/分子,纳米,微观和宏观层面分析协同作用的策略.
- 强调跨尺度结构-功能合机制 (例如,极化,散射,阻抗匹配).
主要成果:
- 跨尺度的结构演变显著调节了EMW吸收性能.
- 确定了包括双极极化,接口损失,多重散射和阻抗匹配在内的关键机制.
- 突出了不同长度尺度的协同战略的进展.
结论:
- 多尺度结构工程是克服EMW吸收限制的关键.
- 需要进一步的研究来澄清协同作用的机制,并减少对经验主义的依赖.
- 未来的方向包括先进的材料设计和EMW吸收性能优化.
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