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在尼泊尔引入TYPHIBEV® (Vi-CRM197合物) 疫苗的有效性:一个测试负的病例对照研究

Dipesh Tamrakar¹, Sabin Bikram Shahi², Esther Jung³

¹Center for Infectious Disease Research and Surveillance, Dhulikhel Hospital Kathmandu University Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal; Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Nepal; Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.

The Journal of infection

|March 10, 2026

概括

尼泊尔的TYPHIBEV®疫苗在预防尼泊尔儿童的伤寒热病方面表现出高效. 这种通过追赶和常规免疫接种引入的疫苗显示出对血液培养确认病例的显著保护.

科学领域:

* 疫苗学和传染病流行病学
* 低资源环境中的公共卫生干预措施

背景情况:

* 伤寒热仍然是一个重要的公共卫生问题,特别是在特有地区.
*像TYPHIBEV®这样的新型伤寒联合疫苗 (TCV) 的引入对于疾病控制至关重要.
*在现实环境中评估疫苗的有效性对于告知免疫策略至关重要.

研究的目的:

* 评估TYPHIBEV®在预防尼泊尔儿童血液培养确认的伤寒热的有效性.
*通过追赶和常规免疫运动来评估TYPHIBEV®在引入后的有效性.

主要方法:

*采用了测试负的病例对照研究设计.
* 参与者包括血液培养确认的沙门氏菌型肺炎 (病例) 和检测阴性 (对照) 的适用疫苗的儿科患者.
* 条件后勤回归用于计算几率比率和疫苗有效性 (1-OR),并对血液培养的年龄,位置和日期进行匹配.

主要成果:

*这项研究在2022年10月至2024年12月期间招募了40例伤寒病例和113例检测阴性对照.
*对于TYPHIBEV®的整体疫苗有效率为89% (95% CI:65-97%).
*在5至15岁的儿童中,疗效更高 (98%),而在5岁以下的儿童中则更高 (72%).

结论:

* TYPHIBEV®在尼泊尔的现实环境中显示出高效的预防伤寒热.
*观察到的有效性与其他TCV,如Typbar-TCV®.
*研究结果支持继续使用TYPHIBEV®并将其纳入国家免疫计划以控制伤寒.

关键词:

这种类型的沙门氏菌.台风是什么? 台风是什么? 台风是什么?有效性有效性.肠道发烧肠道发烧疫苗,疫苗的使用情况.

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