多任务能力如何影响绩效,工作量,情境意识,压力和信任与模拟不完美的自动化
Jayden N Greenwell-Barnden1, Troy A W Visser1, Shayne Loft1
1The University of Western Australia, Australia.
Human factors
|March 10, 2026
概括
多任务能力 (MTa) 的个体差异显著影响人们如何处理不完美的自动化. 较低的多任务能力 (MTa) 个体经历了更高的自动化成本,而较高的MTa个体更好地对自动化系统进行了校准.
科学领域:
- 人与计算机的交互
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 自动化安全自动化安全
背景情况:
- 在像空中交通管制 (ATC) 这样的复杂系统中,自动化可靠性是关键问题.
- 之前的研究表明,多任务处理能力 (MTa) 影响了对可靠自动化的反应.
- MTa对监督不完善自动化的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究多任务能力 (MTa) 的个体差异如何影响在模拟空中交通管制 (ATC) 中监督不完美的自动化时的性能,工作量,情境意识,压力和信任.
主要方法:
- 在113名本科生中,使用认知任务评估了多任务能力 (MTa).
- 参与者在人工控制和不完善的自动化下执行模拟的ATC任务.
- 自动化错误包括错过30%的飞机接收和交付事件.
主要成果:
- 较低MTa的参与者显示,可靠的自动化带来更大的绩效益,但可靠的自动化带来更大的成本.
- 自动化提高了情境意识,减少了工作量,无论MTa.
- 压力减轻在自动化较低的MTa参与者中更为明显.
- 较高的MTa参与者在自动化可靠性级别中表现出更准确的信任校准.
结论:
- 多任务能力 (MTa) 显著调节不完美的自动化对ATC性能,压力和信任的影响.
- 调查结果表明,MTa是对涉及波动性自动化可靠性的角色的人员选择的关键因素.
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