家庭风险中的性别差异和自杀企图的遗传成分:瑞典的一项基于登记的队列研究
Thuy-Dung Nguyen1, Tong Gong2, Kejia Hu3,4,5
1Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden lu.yi@ki.se thuy.dung.nguyen@ki.se.
BMJ mental health
|March 10, 2026
概括
遗传因素有助于自杀企图,性别和精神障碍之间存在很大重叠,例如物质使用障碍. 然而,遗传学并不能完全解释自杀企图发生率的性别差异.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 自杀行为表现出明显的性别差异,需要对遗传贡献进行研究,以识别有风险的个体并告知预防策略.
- 了解自杀行为的遗传基础对于解决性别差异和制定有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查对自杀企图的遗传贡献.
- 确定遗传因素是否占自杀企图发生率中观察到的性别差异.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的队列研究对超过310万个人进行了跟踪,通过瑞典国家登记册进行了跟踪.
- 利用国际疾病分类 (ICD) 代码来识别自杀企图.
- 采用家谱数据来估计家族聚合,遗传性和遗传相关性,并对家族对进行性别特异分析.
主要成果:
- 女性 (3.3%) 的自杀企图比男性 (2.6%) 更为普遍.
- 自杀企图的风险在家庭内聚合,在女性和同性亲属中观察到更强的聚合.
- 血统遗传率估计为41.9%,没有显著的性别差异;在女性和男性自杀未遂之间发现了大量的遗传重叠 (r_g=0.85).
- 在自杀企图和精神疾病,特别是物质使用障碍 (SUD) 之间观察到中等到高的遗传相关性.
结论:
- 自杀企图有一个中度的,在很大程度上重叠的性别之间的遗传成分和精神疾病,特别是SUD.
- 在女性和同性伴侣中,家庭聚合更强,这表明性别特定的环境或社会因素的影响.
- 虽然遗传风险很大,但它不能完全解释自杀企图发生率的性别差异,强调需要在临床风险评估中考虑非遗传因素.
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