强迫特征差异表明自闭症和非自闭症大学生有不同的功能机制
Gil Zukerman1, Ester Ben-Itzchak2
1Department of Communication Disorders, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
概括
自闭症患者的强迫行为可能会满足调节和感官需求,与焦虑驱动的强迫症症状 (OCS) 不同. 这表明传统的认知行为疗法 (CBT),如暴露和响应预防 (ERP),对于自闭症患者来说可能不那么有效.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症患者经常经历强迫症症状 (OCS).
- 传统的认知行为疗法 (CBT),特别是暴露和反应预防 (ERP),在自闭症患者中显示出有限的疗效.
- 自闭症的强迫行为可能服务于自我同声功能,如调节或感官调节,与强迫症的自我动静性,减少焦虑的强迫行为不同.
研究的目的:
- 研究自闭症个体与高和低OCS的非自闭症个体相比,强迫症的功能差异.
- 确定自闭症强迫症主要与调节/感官调节或减少焦虑有关.
主要方法:
- 对自闭症学生 (n=39) 和非自闭症学生 (n=50) 的七个耶鲁-布朗强迫症尺度项目 (Y-BOCS-I) 的因子分析.
- 奇方位分析以比较不同类型的强迫症在不同群体中的患病率.
- 在自闭症与非自闭症参与者中,焦虑水平和OCS之间的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 因素分析发现了两个不同的强迫因素:调节/感官 (重复,计数,积) 和减少焦虑 (检查,组织).
- 自闭症学生报告的监管/感官强迫比低OCS控制显著更多.
- 自闭症学生报告的焦虑减轻强迫行为比非自闭症组少,焦虑和OCS之间没有显著的相关性.
结论:
- 自闭症中的强迫行为似乎源于与经典强迫症 (OCD) 相关的功能机制不同.
- 与焦虑的较弱联系表明,基于ERP的标准CBT可能不适合自闭症患者.
- 这些发现需要在自闭症人群中针对OCS进行量身定制的诊断和治疗方法.
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