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Updated: Mar 12, 2026

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移民后持续和新出现的癌症风险:来自朝鲜和韩国队伍的证据
Junshik Hong1,2,3, Kyeong Jin Kim4, Jimi Choi4
1Department of Healthcare and Medicine for Unified Korea, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Journal of internal medicine
|March 11, 2026
概括
朝鲜叛逃者面临着更高的整体癌症风险,特别是来自感染相关的癌症,如肝癌和肺癌. 他们的生活方式相关的癌症风险,如乳腺癌,在重新安置后正在增加.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 在韩国,朝鲜叛逃者 (NKD) 代表了一项独特的自然实验,用于研究在环境发生重大变化后癌症风险的变化.
- NKD 和韩国人之间的共同遗传,与不同的早期环境暴露形成对比,允许对环境对癌症的影响进行调查.
- 了解NKD的癌症风险演变,可以了解人口健康转型和适应情况.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较朝鲜叛逃者与一般韩国人口之间的癌症风险.
- 分析特定地点的癌症风险和重新安置后癌症风险的时间趋势.
- 确定环境转型对脆弱人群癌症概况的影响.
主要方法:
- 通过使用韩国国家健康保险数据库构建了一个全国匹配的队列研究.
- 该队列包括25,798名朝鲜叛逃者和1,276,601名韩国居民,按性别,年龄和指数年 (1:50比率) 相匹配.
- 总体和特定地点的癌症风险进行了比较,在重新安置后检查了时间变化的危险比率 (HRs).
主要成果:
- 朝鲜叛逃者整体癌症风险较高 (HR 1.13),特别是男性 (HR 1.31).
- 对肝脏 (HR 2.53),子宫 (HR 2.10) 和肺癌 (HR 1.69) 观察到明显增加的风险,与缺陷前的暴露有关.
- 发达国家普遍存在的乳腺癌 (HR 0.48) 和结直肠癌 (HR 0.71) 等癌症的风险最初较低,但随着时间的推移,特别是乳腺癌的风险呈上升趋势.
结论:
- 朝鲜叛逃者面临着双重的癌症负担:继承感染的持续风险和重新安置后生活方式相关癌症的易感性增加.
- 这项研究强调了随着环境和生活方式的快速变化而导致癌症风险的动态性质.
- 双轨道预防策略对于在经历重大转型的人群中解决历史和新出现的癌症风险至关重要.
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