早期的抗生素暴露和1型糖尿病的风险:一个元分析
Sharan Ram1, Marine Corbin1, Andrea 't Mannetje1
1Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand.
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
|March 11, 2026
概括
早期使用抗生素,特别是重复或广泛的疗程,与儿童患1型糖尿病 (T1D) 的风险更高有关. 需要更多的研究来确认因果关系并了解对免疫发育的影响.
科学领域:
- 儿科内分泌学 儿科内分泌学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 假设早期的抗生素管理会增加1型糖尿病 (T1D) 的风险.
- 这种风险可能是由肠道微生物群失调和免疫系统发育的改变所介导的.
- 这一元分析研究了早期抗生素暴露与儿童T1D之间的关联.
研究的目的:
- 评估早期使用抗生素与患1型糖尿病 (T1D) 的风险之间的关联.
- 评估产前和产后抗生素暴露对T1D风险的影响.
- 探索抗生素疗程数,类别和光谱如何影响这种关联.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,MEDLINE,Scopus,Web of Science) 进行了系统的文献搜索,截至2025年6月.
- 随机效应模型被用于计算产前和产后抗生素暴露的聚合效应大小.
- 亚组分析检查了抗生素过程,类和光谱的变化;研究质量使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度进行评估.
主要成果:
- 分析包括20项研究,有超过150万参与者进行产前和400万参与者进行产后暴露.
- 产后抗生素暴露显示了1.07 (95% CI 1.01-1.14) 的综合效果大小,风险增加与更多的疗程和广谱药物相关.
- 产前暴露产生了1.05 (95% CI 0.98-1.11) 的综合效应大小;对于宽谱抗生素,相关性更强.
结论:
- 早期使用抗生素,特别是重复和广泛的疗程,与T1D的风险增加有关.
- 研究设计的变化和潜在的混因素需要谨慎的解释.
- 进一步进行高质量的前性研究对于确定因果关系和澄清抗生素与潜在感染的作用至关重要.
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