使用深度学习早期检测慢性病:一个迷你回顾
Md Jakir Hossen1,2, Hasanul Bannah3, Ridwan Jamal Sadib4
1Center for Advanced Analytics (CAA), COE for Artificial Intelligence Faculty of Engineering & Technology (FET), Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia.
Frontiers in digital health
|March 11, 2026
概括
深度学习模型在早期慢性病 (CKD) 检测和预测方面显示出高准确性,优于传统标记器. 临床整合需要进一步验证.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗成像医学成像
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 是一个重要的全球健康负担,经常被诊断为晚.
- 目前的诊断标记物如血清肌素和eGFR在早期检测方面存在局限性.
- 深度学习提供了分析复杂数据集的潜力,以改善CKD评估.
研究的目的:
- 审查早期慢性病 (CKD) 评估深度学习的最新进展 (2020-2025年).
- 突出各种深度学习模型在CKD诊断和预测中的性能.
- 确定这些人工智能系统临床集成的局限性和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 对2020年至2025年间发表的关于CKD深度学习的研究进行系统审查.
- 分析各种AI模型的诊断准确度,AUC值和预测能力.
- 深度学习方法 (CNN,LSTM,混合,转移学习) 与传统标记器的比较.
主要成果:
- 深度学习模型实现了高诊断准确度 (88%-99.96%) 和AUC值 (高达0.93).
- 集体架构在临床诊断前6-12个月 (准确率高达99.31%) 证明了对CKD的预测能力.
- 深度学习模型的表现优于传统的标记物,如血清肌素和eGFR.
结论:
- 深度学习显示了早期CKD检测和预测的重大前景.
- 挑战包括阶级不平衡,可概括性,数据可变性和模型可解释性.
- 未来的研究需要外部验证,透明的解释,和多机构数据临床采用.
相关概念视频
01:25Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
936
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
936
01:28Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
565
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
565
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
437
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
437
01:28Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration
285
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
285
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
864
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
864
01:18Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management
523
Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
523