促进主要经济体公共医院发展的政策框架:对中国的影响
Yuetian Shu1,2, Zhiguang Li1,3, Ruijin Xie1,3
1School of Health Economics and Management, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Frontiers in public health
|March 11, 2026
概括
世界各地的公共医院采用各种不同的融资,治理和绩效策略,以确保医疗保健的获取和效率. 中国可以通过将国际最佳实践与国家条件相结合,优化其公共医院发展.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 医疗保健系统比较研究
背景情况:
- 公共医院对于基本医疗保健,健康公平和社会责任至关重要.
- 它们的效率和设计显著影响国家健康和整体医疗保健系统.
- 优化支持政策和管理对于全球医疗保健改革至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查支持五个主要经济体公共医院发展的政策轨迹.
- 分析关键的机构维度:融资,治理,支付和绩效评估.
- 进行跨国比较和政策模型的纵向历史分析.
主要方法:
- 系统审查美国,英国,德国,日本和新加坡的政策轨迹.
- 分析主要来源:政府立法,政策文件和官方统计数据.
- 包括来自Web of Science,PubMed和Scopus的同行评审文章.
主要成果:
- 美国:市场驱动的政策与公共计划补充 (医疗保险,医疗补助).
- 英国:国家卫生服务 (NHS) 模式,包括税收融资,政府领导和绩效治理.
- 德国:双重治理 (社会保险,政府投资) 确保金融稳定.
- 日本:通用医疗保险,完善的支付系统和地方政府的成本共享.
- 新加坡:政府补贴,3M保险和集团管理为公平,高效的服务提供.
- 中国:政府领导,基本医疗保险,多元化补偿和管理改革.
结论:
- 各国通过各种政策工具平衡基本服务供应,系统效率和结构性挑战.
- 中国应该利用国际经验,加强中央协调,明确金融投资.
- 建议包括优化保险支付,改革医院治理,加快数字化转型.
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