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相关概念视频

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
2.3K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

4.1K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
4.1K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

10.1K
The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
10.1K
Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

3.0K
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
3.0K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

3.0K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
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一个聚合物修改的LLM-105具有延迟分解开始和快速转换.

Hao-Rui Zhang1,2, Yingqi Mao1, Junru Wang2

  • 1National Key Laboratory of Solid Rocket Propulsion, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
|March 11, 2026
PubMed
概括

在LLM-105中添加triaminoguanidine-glyoxal能量聚合物 (TAGP) 会延迟分解并提高安全性. 这种高能聚合物通过促进和富含水的分解产物来改变热解.

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Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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科学领域:

  • 能量材料科学 能量材料科学
  • 计算化学计算化学
  • 材料工程 材料工程 材料工程

背景情况:

  • 像LLM-105这样的高能材料的热解对于安全性和性能至关重要.
  • 了解对分解机制的界面影响是材料设计的关键.
  • 目前的方法缺乏综合计算和实验方法来研究这些接口.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究通过高能聚合物添加剂的界面约束如何影响LLM-105热解.
  • 阐明结合的早期和晚期分解机制.
  • 开发一个以计算为指导的框架来分析能量材料的行为.

主要方法:

  • 反应分子动力学 (MD) 模拟与热重力测量-微分扫描热量测量-里埃变换红外光谱学 (TG-DSC-FTIR) 结合起来.
  • 在LLM-105晶体体之间引入了三氨基瓜尼丁-酸能量聚合物 (TAGP) 板.
  • 分析了分解开始,气体演变 (NO2,N2,H2O,CO2,CO) 和反应途径.

主要成果:

  • TAGP加法可测量调节的LLM-105分解行为.
  • 观察到延迟的分解开始和抑制的早期NO2释放,最低NO2在~2.24重量%的TAGP.
  • TAGP的修改使反应网络转向更安全的产品 (更高的N2,H2O,CO2;更低的CO) 通过加强NOx减少和CO氧化.

结论:

  • 使用TAGP的接口工程是一种有效的策略,可以提高不敏感的高能材料的安全性.
  • 早期TAGP的热解提供了调节界面化学的捐赠者和基因.
  • 较小的TAGP负载 (2.24重量%) 通过延迟分解和促进富含N2/H2O的分解产品来提高安全性.