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被忽视的热带疾病的空间和时间分布:重叠分析,皮阿维,2013-2022年
Lara Beatriz de Sousa Araújo1, Roniele Araújo de Sousa2, Bruno Guedes Alcoforado Aguiar2
1Universidade Federal do Piauí, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Comunidade, Teresina, PI, Brazil.
概括
这项研究分析了2013年至2022年在皮阿维省被忽视的热带疾病,发现麻风和莱什曼病减少,但查加斯病和结核病增加. 在25%的市镇中发现了重叠疾病的流行率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 被忽视的热带疾病 (NTDs) 在全球和巴西构成了重大公共卫生挑战.
- 了解NTD的时空动态对于有效的控制策略至关重要.
- 皮阿维州面临着复杂的疾病负担,包括查加斯病,莱什曼病,麻风和结核病.
研究的目的:
- 分析Piauí州重叠的NTD的时间趋势和空间分布.
- 检查2013年至2022年期间查加斯病,莱什曼病,麻风和结核病的情况.
- 确定不同卫生地区疾病发生和共同流行的模式.
主要方法:
- 生态,定量和时间序列研究设计.
- 利用了可报告健康状况信息系统 (SINAN) 和巴西地理和统计研究所 (IBGE) 的数据.
- 用Prais-Winsten回归进行时间趋势分析 (计算年度百分比变化-APC) 和疾病重叠的空间分析.
主要成果:
- 总共记录了24234例病例,其中最常见的是麻风 (46.2%) 和结核病 (37.4%).
- 男性 (60.6%) 和20-59岁年龄组 (62.5%) 受影响最多;内脏莱什曼病在儿童 (33.0%) 中患病率很高.
- 显著的时间趋势包括内脏莱什曼病 (APC -12.26%) 和麻风 (APC -5.67%) 的流行率下降,以及查加斯病 (APC 19.3%) 和结核病 (APC 2.2%) 的流行率增加.
- 空间分析显示,25%的市镇有至少三个疾病的重叠流行,特别是在恩特里奥斯,瓦莱多里奥瓜里巴斯和可卡斯地区.
结论:
- 观察到麻风和结核病的不同发病模式.
- 在Piauí的不同卫生区域中发现了疾病流行率的显著差异.
- 该研究强调了查加斯病和结核病的增加趋势,需要有针对性的公共卫生干预措施.
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