高强度间歇训练用于减少健康但久坐不动的人群中的心脏代谢综合征
Juliette A Strauss1, Richard Kirwan1, Chathuranga Ranasinghe2
1Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 可能会改善心肺健康状况,并减少腰围在久坐不动的成年人与没有运动相比. 然而,其他健康益处的证据和与中等强度持续培训 (MICT) 的比较较不确定.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 公共卫生干预 公共卫生干预
背景情况:
- 身体不活动对全球健康造成了重大成本,估计为538亿美元.
- 虽然建议运动,但许多成年人不符合世卫组织的身体活动指南.
- 高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 提供了一种节省时间的替代方案,但它对患有心脏代谢综合征风险的久坐人口的有效性需要澄清.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 的益处和危害.
- 评估HIIT对健康,久坐不动的成年人的心脏代谢健康的影响.
- 将HIIT与非运动对照和中等强度持续训练 (MICT) 进行比较.
主要方法:
- 进行了随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和元分析.
- 在主要数据库 (CENTRAL,MEDLINE,Embase,Web of Science) 进行搜索,截至2025年10月.
- 包括58个RCT (2075名参与者),将HIIT与非运动对照或MICT在久坐不动的成年人 (18-64岁) 中进行比较.
主要成果:
- 与没有运动相比,HIIT可能会增加心肺呼吸能力 (VO2max) 并减少腰围 (中度至高确定性证据).
- 与不运动相比,HIIT对静脉血压,腰比和甘油三的影响的证据是不确定的或低确定性.
- 与MICT相比,HIIT可能会稍微提高心肺健康,在其他心脏代谢标志物 (低至中等确定性证据) 中几乎没有明显差异.
结论:
- HIIT似乎是MICT的潜在有效替代品,可以改善久坐不动的人的心脏代谢健康.
- 对许多结果的证据确定性低至非常低,特别是在与MICT的比较和对血压和甘油三酸的影响方面.
- 需要更大,更高质量的RCT,随访时间更长,以确认HIIT的长期疗效和安全性,特别是无监督干预.
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