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建筑环境变化对加拿大的体力活动的影响:对自然实验的系统审查

Stephanie A Prince^1,2, Justin J Lang^1,2,3, Sarah Lawrason⁴

¹Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice

|March 11, 2026

概括

自然实验表明,加拿大的改善可行性和积极的交通基础设施对体力活动 (PA) 有积极的影响. 然而,关于其他建筑环境对PA的变化的证据不太确定,这凸显了需要更多研究的需要.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
城市规划城市规划
环境科学环境科学

背景情况:

建筑环境对身体活动 (PA) 的机会产生重大影响.
自然实验对于了解建筑环境变化对PA的现实影响至关重要.
需要综合证据,以指导加拿大加强人口级别PA的政策.

研究的目的:

审查检查建筑环境变化及其对加拿大PA的影响的自然实验.
总结证据并评估有关建筑环境干预和PA的调查结果的确定性.

主要方法:

在多个数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,PsycINFO等) 中进行全面的文献搜索. 在2024年11月之前.
包括自然实验评估与对照组或对照组评估与建筑环境修改相关的PA变化.
叙事综合总结证据并评估发现的确定性.

主要成果:

在增加可行性,新的活跃交通基础设施 (自行车,行人),共享自行车计划和小径之间发现了积极的关联,确定性低至中等.
对于公共汽车快速运输,学校和学校区域的改进没有显著影响的低确定性.
一些证据表明,不带领的狗公园对儿童公园的PA和托儿所院子的改善对中等至强烈的PA产生了负面影响.

结论:

有限数量的加拿大研究评估了建筑环境对PA的影响,最近的研究增长.
未来的研究应该优先考虑所有地区的更大,更多样化的样本,控制季节性等混因素,使用匹配的对照组,并采用客观的PA措施.

关键词:

积极的运输活动运输.成年人成年人成年人成年人成年人孩子们的孩子们的孩子们的孩子们.循环路径循环路径循环路径公园,公园,公园.一个行人,一个行人.在学校学校学校学校学校学校.过境运输过境运输过境运输可以行走的可行性.

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