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Updated: Mar 13, 2026

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目前的全球估计,风险因素和对肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 的知识差距:一个范围审查
Md Koushik Ahmed1, Hanna Maroofi2, Madeleine Blunt3
1Department of Public Health, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
|March 11, 2026
概括
肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 的研究正在增加,但不可靠的负担估计和数据缺口阻碍了优先考虑. 需要更多的国家级数据和例行测试,才能制定有效的全球策略来对抗这种可以通过疫苗预防的疾病.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 肝炎E病毒 (HEV) 是全球急性病毒性肝炎的主要原因,在南亚和非洲有重大影响.
- 由于数据碎片化和疾病负担估计不一致,对HEV的流行病学优先级是具有挑战性的.
- 高风险人群包括孕妇,免疫力低下的个体和流离失所的群体.
研究的目的:
- 进行全球HEV证据的范围审查,以确定研究趋势,知识差距和高风险人群.
- 评估HEV研究的现状,包括研究设计和报告的病毒学数据.
- 突出需要改进数据,以制定有效的全球HEV控制策略.
主要方法:
- 根据JBI和PRISMA-Sc指南进行范围审查,使用PCC框架 (人口,概念,上下文).
- 搜索了PubMed,Scopus,科学网,谷歌学者和IHME的全球HEV证据.
- 包括来自11,583次引用的395篇文章,分析时间分布,研究设计和报告数据.
主要成果:
- 自2010年以来,对HEV的研究显著增加,但大多数研究使用观察设计.
- 确定了三种不同的全球HEV负担估计 (19.4百万,2010万和9.39亿例感染).
- 存在显著的病毒学数据差距,47.8%的研究没有报告HEV基因型;基因型3是最常见的.
- 环境污染和文化习惯是关键的风险因素;孕妇和免疫力低下的人是高风险群体.
结论:
- 在高风险环境中的HEV疾病负担估计,分子数据和监测资源方面存在关键知识缺口.
- 可变和不可靠的全球疫苗负担估计阻碍了利益相关者优先考虑和制定公平的疫苗接种战略.
- 综合的国家级数据和常规检测对于减轻HEV发病率和死亡率至关重要.
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