黑猩猩并不比红猩猩更具侵略性,但它们的目标性别不同
Emile Bryon1, Tom S Roth1, Jonas R R Torfs2,3,4
1Animal Behaviour and Cognition, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands.
Science advances
|March 11, 2026
概括
黑猩猩和黑猩猩的整体侵略率相似,这挑战了长期以来的观点. 然而,侵略模式因性别而异,黑猩猩表现出更多的女性对男性的侵略性,而黑猩猩则相反.
科学领域:
- 灵长类动物的行为
- 社会进化社会进化
- 比较心理学比较心理学
背景情况:
- 传统的观点认为猩猩 (Pan paniscus) 是和平的,而黑猩猩 (Pan troglodytes) 是侵略性的.
- 这种分歧影响了对灵长类动物和人类社会进化的理解.
- 最近的实地观察表明,这种观点可能过于简单,需要进行比较分析.
研究的目的:
- 为了进行对动物园养的黑猩猩和黑猩猩的攻击性进行标准化的比较分析.
- 研究侵略性相互作用的物种层面和性别特异性差异.
- 探索群体结构对这些物种内侵略性的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用贝叶斯式社交网络分析来检查侵略性互动.
- 研究了22个动物园的群体:9个黑猩猩群 (101个) 和13个红黑猩猩群 (88个).
- 在分析中考虑了组大小和性别比.
主要成果:
- 在整体或接触攻击率方面没有发现任何显著的物种差异.
- 侵略模式因性别而异:红猩猩表现出更高的女性对男性的侵略性,而黑猩猩表现出更高的男性对女性的侵略性.
- 在每种物种内的群体之间观察到绝对攻击率的显著差异.
结论:
- 和平的黑猩猩和侵略性的黑猩猩的传统二分法受到这些发现的挑战.
- 泛亚种的侵略动态比以前假设的更加细致和取决于性别.
- 包括人类在内的大猿的社会冲突策略表现出复杂的进化动态,受到特定群体因素的影响.
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