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急性至慢性肝衰竭和免疫失调:系统性炎症和免疫衰竭悖论

Abigail A Drago¹, Sarah Yanofsky¹, Ramsey Rohner¹

¹Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.

Hepatology communications

|March 11, 2026

概括

急性至慢性肝衰竭 (ACLF) 涉及严重的肝损伤和炎症. 这篇评论探讨了ACLF.

科学领域:

肝病学肝病学是一种肝病学.
免疫学免疫学免疫学
关键护理医学关键护理医学

背景情况:

急性至慢性肝衰竭 (ACLF) 是一种具有高死亡率的严重疾病,在患有慢性肝病的患者中表现为肝衰竭和全身炎症.
目前尚不完全了解ACLF的确切病原性,诊断标准在全球范围内存在差异,这使得一致的管理变得复杂.
免疫失调,包括全身炎症和免疫衰竭,是ACLF发展的核心,通常是由细菌转移等因素引发的.

研究的目的:

审查和综合目前关于ACLF的临床前和临床证据.
阐明ACLF肝损伤,免疫功能障碍和器官衰竭的分类,潜在机制和相互作用.
突出新型生物标志物和治疗策略,以改善ACLF诊断和患者结果.

主要方法:

关于ACLF的临床前和临床研究的综合文献综述.
综合有关ACLF分类,病原和临床表现的证据.
对免疫失调机制的分析,包括PAMP和DAMP的参与.

主要成果:

ACLF的特点是免疫失调,全身炎症和潜在的器官衰竭.
细菌转移,PAMP和DAMP是ACLF炎症的关键触发因素.
持续的免疫激活有助于ACLF患者的免疫衰竭.

结论:

了解肝损伤和免疫功能障碍之间的复杂相互作用对于管理ACLF至关重要.
新兴的生物标志物显示出增强ACLF诊断的希望.
需要有针对性的治疗策略来改善ACLF患者的治疗结果.

关键词:

急性-慢性肝损伤的发生.慢性肝脏疾病慢性肝脏疾病与损伤相关的分子模式 (DAMP)免疫力麻免疫力麻免疫衰弱症是一种免疫衰弱症.多器官功能衰竭多器官功能衰竭病原体相关的分子模式 (PAMPs)

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