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运输的创新塑造了生物化和海绵骨进化的兴起
Laia Leria1, Manuel Maldonado1
1Department of Marine Ecology, Sponge Ecobiology and Biotechnology Group, Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC), Acceso Cala St. Francesc 14, Blanes, Girona 17300, Spain.
Molecular biology and evolution
|March 11, 2026
概括
海绵通过水糖通道 (gAQP) 和化物排泄 (ArsB) 独特地使用酸 (dSi) 形成骨. 它们的共同进化历史揭示了对高dSi水平的独立适应,塑造了海绵的进化.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 海绵是独特的甲基动物,通过从海水中加入溶解的酸 (dSi) 来构建骨.
- 这一过程涉及水糖通道 (gAQP) 和化物排泄 (ArsB) 之间的功能合作,这是植物中也存在的dSi运输系统.
- 海绵gAQP具有选择性过器,含有疏水性残留物,与植物对应物不同,减少了水的透.
研究的目的:
- 研究海绵中dSi载体 (gAQP和ArsB) 的进化史和共同进化.
- 了解这些载体在不同海绵系的骨形成的独立进化中的作用.
- 探索横向基因转移和基因重复对dSi运输和海绵多样化的影响.
主要方法:
- 对201 gAQP和161 ArsB序列的遗传学分析.
- 对海绵gAQP选择性过器与植物同类物的比较分析.
- 遗传学数据与化石记录和海绵分类的整合.
主要成果:
- gAQP和ArsB转运体的起源来自 prokaryotic,在蛋白质和骨化之前,它们存在于祖先的海绵中.
- 在Hexactinellida多样化过程中,gAQP和ArsB通过同步基因重复发生了共同进化.
- 由于微生物gAQP的水平基因转移,Demospongiae经历了被破坏的共同进化,这与Heteroscleromorpha的多样化相吻合.
- 缺乏化蛋白质的海绵系遗失了gAQP基因,这表明在没有聚合机制的情况下对被动dSi流入进行选择.
结论:
- 沉dSi的能力可能是由于早期骨海绵对高度dSi的适应性反应而演变的.
- dSi载体的进化历史和化石证据表明,Porifera中的二氧化沉至少四次发生了独立的进化.
- 在塑造海绵骨进化过程中,gAQP和ArsB转运体的功能性相互依赖和共同进化起到了至关重要的作用.
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