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相关概念视频

Nuclear Power02:36

Nuclear Power

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Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
Nuclear Fuels
Nuclear fuel consists of a fissile isotope, such as uranium-235, which must be present in sufficient quantity to provide a...
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Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

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Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
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Nuclear Fission02:50

Nuclear Fission

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Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large...
12.7K
Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

5.1K
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
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Nuclear Binding Energy02:13

Nuclear Binding Energy

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The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons are bound...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

2.5K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Neutron Crystallography Data Collection and Processing for Modelling Hydrogen Atoms in Protein Structures
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Neutron Crystallography Data Collection and Processing for Modelling Hydrogen Atoms in Protein Structures

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通过多个中子源组件的按需中子场定制.

T H Zhang1, M Zhang1, X Cao1

  • 1Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine
|March 11, 2026
PubMed
概括

本研究介绍了一种新型的多端口中子源系统,使用D-D发电机进行可定制的中子能量谱和流量控制. 这个创新的平台增强了精确的中子科学应用,如激活分析和成像.

关键词:
流量分布 流量分布 流量分布吉安特4的情况是这样的混合中子源组件组件组合多源辐射系统多源辐射系统

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High-Resolution Neutron Spectroscopy to Study Picosecond-Nanosecond Dynamics of Proteins and Hydration Water
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Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor
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科学领域:

  • 核物理与工程 核物理与工程
  • 材料科学与工程 材料科学与工程
  • 中子科学与技术 中子科学与技术

背景情况:

  • 传统的中子辐射设施在对中子能量光谱和空间流量进行动态控制方面遇到了困难.
  • 现有的系统通常具有固定的中子光谱,限制了实验灵活性和应用.

研究的目的:

  • 提出和评估一个多端口中子源系统,利用紧的D-D中子发生器.
  • 为了证明高度可定制的中子能光谱和精确的流量分布控制的能力.
  • 克服固定频谱中子源的局限性,用于先进的研究.

主要方法:

  • 在多端口配置中使用紧型高强度- (D-D) 中子发生器.
  • 采用表热和快中子端口的协调调节用于光谱和空间控制.
  • 设计独立的中子调节器组件 (NMA) 并在每个端口调整中子产量.
  • 进行Geant4模拟以分析光谱分布和流量均性.

主要成果:

  • 通过独立的NMA设计和产量调整,从表热到快中子范围实现了连续的光谱分布.
  • 对于具有六个端口配置的大型样品的辐射均性显著改善.
  • 在对称的多端口布局中观察到协同效应,增加快速中子元件并创建光谱梯度.

结论:

  • 拟议的D-D中子源系统为中子能光谱和空间流量提供了前所未有的控制.
  • 该系统克服了传统中子源的固定频谱限制,为研究提供了新的可能性.
  • 这一创新平台具有在中子激活分析,动态中子成像和均质材料辐射等应用方面的巨大潜力.