微塑料和纳米塑料在过食用海洋捕食者的系统分布和体外转移
Marc Ruiz-Sagalés1, Roser Salvia2, Sverrir D Halldórsson3
1Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Environmental research
|March 11, 2026
概括
微型和纳米塑料 (MNPs) 污染了鱼组织,肺和肌肉的度最高. 发生母体转移,但胎儿暴露较低,表明早期发育中的脆弱性.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 生态毒理学 生态毒理学
背景情况:
- 微塑料和纳米塑料 (MNP) 是普遍存在的全球污染物.
- 它们在大型海洋脊椎动物中的分布和母体转移是鲜为人知的.
- 鱼 (Balaenoptera physalus) 是迁徙过动物,因此它们容易受到塑料的摄入.
研究的目的:
- 评估北大西洋鱼组织中MNP的存在和度.
- 研究影响MNP组织分布 (年龄,大小,生殖状态) 的因素.
- 为了确定MNP的跨胎盘转移是否发生在鱼中.
主要方法:
- 对13只鱼的内部组织 (脏,肝脏,肺,骨肌肉) 的分析.
- 使用基于光的纳米细胞计与尼罗河红色染色.
- 孕妇及其胎儿的子组分析.
主要成果:
- 在所有分析的组织中检测到MNP,在肺和骨肌肉中度最高.
- 在肺和肌肉中,MNP度与鱼年龄之间的负相关性.
- 经胎盘转移证实,与母亲相比,胎儿组织中的MNP水平较低.
结论:
- 系统性纳米塑料分布在鱼组织中的第一个证据.
- 组织类型和年龄显著影响MNP负载;身体大小和生殖状态没有显著影响.
- 胎儿很容易暴露在塑料中,这突出了海洋巨型动物早期发育阶段的风险.
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