在处理在线谣言时,当局依赖与深思熟虑的评估:来自fNIRS的证据
Shuhua Cheng1, Xinyue Yang2, Yi Ding3
1School of Business Management, Zhejiang Financial College, Hangzhou, China.
Frontiers in human neuroscience
|March 12, 2026
概括
事实核查权威影响大脑如何处理在线谣言. 有权威的来源增强左前额叶皮质的活动和准确性,而非有权威的来源可能会触发对虚假信息的更多警.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 信息科学 信息科学 信息科学
背景情况:
- 在线谣言对信息准确性构成重大挑战.
- 了解谣言处理背后的神经认知机制对于开发有效干预至关重要.
- 消息来源的可信性是影响信念形成和更新的关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查事实检查员的权威如何影响网络谣言的神经认知处理.
- 检查神经对来自权威和非权威来源的纠正的反应.
- 在谣言评估中,将大脑活动与行为结果相关联.
主要方法:
- 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 用于测量前额叶皮层活动.
- 参与者通过权威和非权威来源进行事实检查来评估信息.
- 包括判断准确度在内的行为指标与神经数据一起收集.
主要成果:
- 有权威的事实检查人员增加了左前额叶皮层 (LPFC) 的激活和判断准确度,这表明信息接受的"快速通道".
- 非权威的事实检查导致右前额叶皮层 (RPFC) 对真实信息的激活减少,表明潜在的认知卸载.
- 对于虚假信息,非权威的来源矛盾地提高了准确性,表明警性增加.
- 神经和行为反应根据信息真实性和来源可信度而有所不同,与认知失调理论保持一致.
结论:
- 源的可信度通过不同的神经特征和准确性结果显著影响信念更新.
- 可信度线索可以根据上下文促进启发式接受或更严格的分析.
- 发现可以通过考虑来源属性和信息类型来告知谣言干预策略.
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