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在注意力缺陷/多动症儿童执行功能障碍的跨文化差异

Da-Wei Zhang¹, Ameera Shahira Amran¹, Yishu Qin²

¹Department of Psychology Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway Malaysia.

|March 12, 2026

概括

文化因素对患有注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童的执行功能 (EF) 有显著影响. 与澳大利亚同龄人相比,患有多动症的中国儿童表现出更多的EF障碍,这表明需要针对文化进行量身定制的干预.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
发展心理学发展心理学
跨文化心理学跨文化心理学

背景情况:

注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 中的执行功能 (EF) 障碍是多样化的.
在典型发育 (TD) 儿童中已知对EF发育的文化影响,但在ADHD中未得到充分研究.
跨文化比较对于理解ADHD异质性至关重要.

研究的目的:

研究文化因素对ADHD儿童EF障碍的影响.
在ADHD儿童中进行EF的跨文化比较.
为了确定EF赤字的文化特定模式.

主要方法:

招募了来自中国和澳大利亚的690名儿童,最终匹配样本为198名 (102名ADHD,96名TD),年龄为7-12岁.
使用一致的诊断标准和倾向性得分匹配,以获得可比的临床表现.
评估EF领域,包括工作记忆 (WM),抑制控制 (IC),并使用标准化的神经心理学电池设置转移.

主要成果:

与他们的TD同龄人相比,患有ADHD的中国儿童在IC和WM方面表现较差.
澳大利亚患有多动症的儿童没有表现出相同的表现缺陷模式.
潜伏的个人资料分析确定了中国儿童的一个子组,这些儿童患有严重的EF损伤.

结论:

对ADHD和EF的跨文化研究受益于强大的方法,包括一致的诊断和以人为中心的分析.
具有高EF期望的环境可能会对ADHD儿童的EF产生负面影响.
研究结果强调了对ADHD进行文化定制干预的必要性.

关键词:

更多关于 ADHD ADHD 的文章跨文化分析跨文化分析文化影响文化影响执行职能执行职能是指执行职能.隐藏的个人资料分析分析.

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